Judicial activism denotes a judicial philosophy where courts take an active role in interpreting laws and the constitution, often stepping beyond precedent to address social issues. Judges engaging in activism may prioritize justice, equity, and social change over strict adherence to legal texts. This can result in rulings that influence public policy and bring about substantial reforms. While supporters argue it offers vital protections for individual rights, opponents view it as overreach that disrupts the balance of power among government branches, potentially undermining democratic processes.