In international relations theory, the term "realism" refers to a perspective that emphasizes the competitive and conflictual nature of international politics. Realism posits that states act primarily in their self-interest and prioritize national security over ideals or morality. It underscores the importance of power dynamics, military capability, and the anarchic structure of the international system. Realist theorists argue that states must be prepared to navigate a world characterized by enduring power struggles and diplomatic maneuvering.