"Liberalism" in political philosophy signifies a political ideology that emphasizes individual liberties, equality, and democratic governance. Rooted in Enlightenment thought, it champions basic civil rights, free markets, and limited government intervention in personal affairs. Liberalism advocates for the protection of individual freedoms such as speech, religion, and association. Additionally, it supports the idea of a social contract between the government and its citizens, ensuring that the state operates with the consent of the governed. Overall, liberalism remains a foundational principle in many modern political systems.