The Electoral College in U.S. presidential elections functions as an intermediary body that formally elects the President and Vice President. Each state is allocated a number of electors based on its representation in Congress, reflecting both Senate and House members. Voters in each state cast their ballots for a slate of electors pledged to a particular candidate. In most states, the candidate receiving the majority of the popular vote wins all of the state's electoral votes. A majority of 270 electoral votes is required for a candidate to win the presidency, adding a layer of complexity to the electoral process.