International law addresses human rights violations through various treaties, conventions, and legal frameworks designed to protect individuals. Instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establish norms for state behavior and outline fundamental rights. When violations occur, international bodies like the International Criminal Court or regional human rights organizations can take action against perpetrators. States may be held accountable through diplomatic pressure, sanctions, or legal proceedings. The effectiveness of international law depends on cooperation among nations and the willingness to enforce human rights standards globally.