Gerrymandering affects electoral districts by manipulating their boundaries to favor a particular political party or group, impacting representation. This practice often leads to disproportionate outcomes in elections, as it can consolidate or dilute specific voter demographics. By concentrating opposition voters into a few districts or spreading them across many, gerrymandering diminishes their electoral power. This undermines the principle of fair representation and can result in skewed policy decisions that do not reflect the will of the broader electorate.