Electoral systems significantly impact party dynamics within a political landscape. For instance, proportional representation tends to encourage multiple parties and coalition governments, promoting greater diversity of opinion. In contrast, winner-takes-all systems often lead to a two-party structure, marginalizing smaller parties. The choice of electoral system can also affect voter behavior; for example, voters might feel more compelled to participate if they believe their vote has a meaningful impact on election outcomes. Ultimately, the electoral system shapes how parties compete, how policies are formulated, and how effectively citizens' interests are represented.