"State accountability" in governance refers to the obligation of government institutions to be responsive to the needs and demands of citizens. It encompasses mechanisms through which the public can monitor government actions, seek redress for grievances, and hold officials responsible for their decisions. Effective state accountability fosters transparency and enhances public trust in governance. It also encourages policymakers to prioritize ethical standards and the public good, ultimately contributing to better governance practices and a more informed, engaged citizenry capable of influencing political outcomes.