The Muses in Greek mythology are nine goddesses who represent the arts and sciences. Each Muse is associated with a specific domain, such as Calliope for epic poetry, Clio for history, and Thalia for comedy. They inspire creativity and are often invoked by artists and scholars seeking inspiration and guidance. The Muses played a crucial role in ancient Greek culture, symbolizing the pursuit of knowledge and artistic expression, and their influence can be seen in various artworks and literary works throughout history.