The Greek hero known for his twelve labors and encounters with various mythical creatures is Heracles, also known by his Roman name Hercules. His tasks were a series of challenges imposed as a punishment, each requiring immense strength and cunning to overcome. These labors included slaying the Nemean Lion, capturing the Golden Hind, and obtaining the Apples of Hesperides. Heracles' legendary adventures underscore themes of heroism, struggle, and redemption, illustrating the hero's journey archetype prevalent in mythology across cultures.