In Greek mythology, the creature known for turning anyone who gazes upon it into stone is the Gorgon, specifically Medusa. She was cursed by the goddess Athena, granting her the terrifying power to petrify those who looked at her. Medusa's story intertwines with themes of transformation and punishment, showcasing the complexities of beauty and monstrosity. Her eventual portrayal in literature also emphasizes the heroic journey of Perseus, who ultimately beheads her.