The Aeneid is crucial in understanding Roman mythology as it intertwines themes of duty, heroism, and divine intervention. Written by Virgil, the epic tells the story of Aeneas, a Trojan hero who embodies Roman virtues while destined to found Rome. Through Aeneas’ journey, the Aeneid links mythology to Roman identity, emphasizing the significance of history, legacy, and the relationship between the gods and mortals. It serves as a foundational text for understanding Roman culture and its values.