The Pharaoh known for the wealth and power of ancient Egypt is Ramses II, also called Ramses the Great. Reigning from 1279 to 1213 BCE, he is often regarded as Egypt's most illustrious ruler, known for extensive building projects, military prowess, and diplomatic relations. Ramses II led numerous military campaigns, notably against the Hittites, which culminated in the Battle of Kadesh. His reign produced impressive monuments like the temple of Abu Simbel and vast contributions to art and architecture. He also signed one of the world's first known peace treaties, demonstrating his ability to maintain both power and stability within Egypt.