The famous historical figure responsible for founding the Mongol Empire was Genghis Khan, originally named Temüjin. Born in the late 12th century, Genghis Khan united the nomadic tribes of the Mongolian plateau and initiated one of the largest empires in history. He implemented innovative military strategies and promoted meritocracy and trade beyond traditional tribal alliances. Under his leadership, the Mongol Empire expanded drastically across Asia and into Europe, facilitating cultural exchange and trade routes like the Silk Road. Genghis Khan's legacy includes not only his military conquests but also the establishment of a sophisticated administrative system that influenced future empires.