The famous Greek philosopher sentenced to death for his teachings was Socrates. Active in Athens during the 5th century BC, Socrates is best known for his Socratic method, which involved questioning and dialogue to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas. Accused of corrupting the youth and impiety, he was tried and ultimately sentenced to death in 399 BC. Socrates chose to accept his fate rather than flee, as depicted in Plato's dialogues. His legacy profoundly influenced Western philosophy, emphasizing ethics and the pursuit of knowledge, and he is often regarded as a foundational figure in Western thought.