The "Sun King" in France is King Louis XIV, who reigned from 1643 to 1715. He is best known for his absolute monarchy and the centralization of power in the French state. Louis XIV believed in the divine right of kings, asserting that his authority was derived from God. This led to the construction of the lavish Palace of Versailles, which symbolized royal power and the splendor of his reign. Under Louis XIV, France experienced significant cultural achievements, as he supported art, literature, and architecture. His reign also marked major military campaigns, influencing European politics and power dynamics.