Mahatma Gandhi spearheaded the Indian policy of non-violent resistance against British rule. Beginning in the early 20th century, Gandhi advocated for civil disobedience, non-cooperation, and peaceful protests as means to challenge colonial oppression and promote self-rule. His philosophies of ahimsa (non-violence) and satyagraha (truth-force) inspired millions and galvanized mass movements across India. Gandhi's approach to activism emphasized moral integrity and unity among diverse groups against colonialism. His efforts were instrumental in mobilizing public sentiment, ultimately leading to India's independence in 1947, setting a precedent for peaceful resistance movements worldwide.