The famous scientist who proposed the laws of motion and universal gravitation was Isaac Newton. His work, especially the publication of Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687, laid the foundations for classical mechanics. Newton's principles explained the motion of celestial bodies and the forces acting upon them, revolutionizing the understanding of physics and the natural world. His contributions have profoundly influenced not only science but also the way humanity perceives the universe.