The famous artist known for painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel is Michelangelo Buonarroti. Commissioned by Pope Julius II, he worked on this monumental project from 1508 to 1512. The ceiling features several iconic scenes from the Bible, including "The Creation of Adam," which highlights the moment God gives life to Adam. Michelangelo's masterful use of color, form, and intricate detail has made this work one of the most celebrated achievements of Renaissance art. The Sistine Chapel itself remains a significant cultural and religious site, drawing millions of visitors each year.