The event known as the beginning of the modern era is widely considered to be the Renaissance, which emerged in Italy during the 14th century. This cultural movement marked a profound transformation in art, science, literature, and philosophy, breaking away from the constraints of the Middle Ages. The Renaissance revived interest in classical antiquity and sparked innovations such as the development of perspective in art and advances in humanist thinking. It laid the foundation for the Enlightenment and set the stage for subsequent developments, including the Reformation and the Scientific Revolution. The period had far-reaching implications, shaping Western civilization and contributing to the modern worldview.