The cultural movement that began in Italy during the 14th century is known as the Renaissance. This period marked a revival of interest in the classical art, literature, and philosophies of Ancient Greece and Rome. The Renaissance emphasized humanism, art, and scientific inquiry, leading to remarkable achievements in various fields including visual arts, literature, architecture, and science. Key figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Petrarch emerged during this time, profoundly influencing Western cultural and intellectual thought, and paving the way for modern culture and thought.