Construction of the Berlin Wall began on August 13, 1961. This pivotal event marked a moment of severe division during the Cold War, symbolizing the ideological conflict between East and West. Erected by East Germany, the Wall aimed to stop the mass emigration of East Germans to the West, reflect the broader geopolitical tensions between communist and capitalist states, and maintain control over its population. The Wall's presence intensified tensions not only in Berlin but also globally, representing a stark reminder of the divided world. Its eventual fall on November 9, 1989, heralded the end of the Cold War and German reunification.