The widespread economic crisis that began in 1929, known as the Great Depression, had profound effects worldwide, leading to significant political changes. This crisis was characterized by massive unemployment, bank failures, and a dramatic decline in industrial output. Governments responded differently, with many adopting interventionist policies. In the U.S., the crisis prompted the implementation of the New Deal by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, reshaping economic policy and establishing safety nets that significantly altered the state's role in economic recovery.