The primary purpose of the Roman Coliseum was to serve as a grand arena for public spectacles, including gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and mock naval battles. It symbolized the power and culture of the Roman Empire, showcasing not only entertainment but also the social hierarchy, as different events catered to various classes of Roman society. The Coliseum could hold approximately 50,000 to 80,000 spectators, making it an architectural marvel of its time. It also played a role in promoting the emperor's authority and providing a venue for public gatherings that celebrated Rome’s might and achievements.