The primary motivation behind the Labor Movement in the 19th century was to secure better working conditions, fair wages, and reasonable hours for workers. The Industrial Revolution had led to harsh working environments, long hours, and meager pay, compelling workers to organize for their rights. Labor unions emerged to advocate for collective bargaining, workplace safety, and the reduction of working hours, symbolized by the fight for the eight-hour workday. The movement included significant strikes and protests, which eventually led to policy changes and laid the groundwork for labor laws protecting workers' rights, contributing to socio-economic changes in the U.S.