The primary focus of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa was to dismantle the system of apartheid, a legally enforced regime that institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination against non-white populations. The movement emerged in the mid-20th century, gaining momentum through international and local activism, including protests, strikes, and boycotts. Key figures, such as Nelson Mandela, played crucial roles in galvanizing both domestic and global support. The movement aimed not only for racial equality and justice but also to achieve universal human rights in South Africa. Its eventual success culminated in the end of apartheid in the early 1990s, leading to democratic elections.