The outcome of the iterations of the Glass-Steagall Act was a significant transformation in the regulation of the banking industry. Originally enacted in 1933, it aimed to separate commercial and investment banking to protect consumers and promote financial stability following the Great Depression. However, its repeal in 1999 paved the way for increased risk-taking and consolidation in the financial sector, contributing to the financial crisis of 2008. Subsequent calls for reform have invoked the act's principles, sparking debates on consumer protection, banking regulation, and the role of financial institutions in the economy, highlighting its lasting relevance.