The main issue arising from the Treaty of Versailles after World War I was the imposition of harsh reparations and territorial losses on Germany. The treaty, signed in 1919, aimed to hold Germany accountable for the war and sought to prevent future conflicts. However, the economic burden and national humiliation fostered resentment and instability in Germany. This discontent contributed to the rise of extremist political movements, most notably Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, ultimately leading to World War II. The treaty underscored the challenges of establishing lasting peace through punitive measures.