The war fought between the British and the Boers is known as the Second Boer War (1899-1902). This conflict arose from tensions over British imperial expansion into the Boer republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State in South Africa. The war featured guerrilla tactics employed by Boer fighters, which challenged British military strategies. It resulted in significant casualties and widespread destruction. The war concluded with the Treaty of Vereeniging, leading to British control over the Boer territories and setting the stage for future tensions leading to apartheid in South Africa.