The significant cultural exchange that occurred between the Americas and Europe from the 15th century onwards is known as the Columbian Exchange. This exchange involved the transfer of plants, animals, food, human populations, technology, diseases, and culture. Europe introduced crops such as wheat and livestock to the Americas, while the New World contributed staple foods like potatoes, maize, and tomatoes to Europe. This exchange profoundly affected diets, agriculture, and populations on both sides of the Atlantic, leading to transformative economic and social changes.