The foundation for the advent of modern political systems in the 20th century was largely influenced by the principles and frameworks established during the Enlightenment and subsequent revolutionary movements. Events such as the American Revolution, French Revolution, and various independence movements marked a shift toward democratic governance, emphasizing the importance of liberty, equality, and popular sovereignty. These principles laid the groundwork for contemporary notions of human rights, the rule of law, and representative democracy, shaping the political discourse that informs governance in many nations today.