The historical period characterized by significant changes in agriculture and settlement is known as the Agricultural Revolution, or specifically, the Neolithic Revolution. This period, which began around 10,000 BCE, marked the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities. Innovations in farming techniques, domestication of animals, and the establishment of permanent settlements enabled populations to grow. This transformation led to the development of complex societies, the rise of cities, and eventually, the emergence of civilizations. As agriculture became the primary source of food, it fundamentally altered social structures, economies, and lifestyles, paving the way for future advancements in human history.