The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919 to end World War I, imposed severe reparations and territorial losses on Germany. The treaty aimed to hold Germany accountable for the war, requiring substantial reparations payments and the reduction of its military capabilities. Additionally, Germany lost territories, including Alsace-Lorraine to France and portions of Prussia, leading to significant economic hardship and political instability. The treaty's harsh terms contributed to resentment within Germany, creating fertile ground for the rise of extremist movements, including Nazism, ultimately leading to World War II. The treaty remains a contentious historical document.