The ancient structure that served as a burial site for Egyptian pharaohs was the pyramid, specifically the pyramids of Giza. These monumental tombs were constructed during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods of ancient Egypt, primarily for the pharaohs and other elite members of society. The most famous of these, the Great Pyramid of Giza, served as a testament to the Egyptians’ architectural prowess and religious beliefs, reflecting their views on the afterlife. The pyramids were designed to protect the deceased and their possessions in the afterlife, embodying the civilization's cultural and spiritual values.