The ancient culture associated with the construction of ziggurats is that of the Sumerians, who inhabited ancient Mesopotamia around 4000 BCE. Ziggurats were massive terraced structures built as temples to honor their gods and served as administrative centers. These monumental architectural feats often featured a stepped design and were constructed using mud bricks. Ziggurats played a central role in Sumerian religion and society, symbolizing the connection between the heavens and the earth. They are notable remnants of Sumerian civilization and reflect the complexities of their social structures, religious beliefs, and technological advancements.