The ancient civilization known for its influential contributions to philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy is Ancient Greece. Renowned thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle established foundational concepts in philosophy, while mathematicians like Euclid and Pythagoras advanced the field of mathematics. In astronomy, figures like Hipparchus and Ptolemy made significant strides in understanding celestial movements. Their work laid the groundwork for future scientific inquiry and intellectual endeavors. The legacy of Ancient Greece continues to impact modern education, governance, and various fields of study, making it a pivotal civilization in the history of human thought.