The ancient civilization known for its temples, polytheism, and hieroglyphics is Ancient Egypt. This civilization, which thrived along the Nile River from around 3100 BCE until the conquest by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE, is renowned for its monumental architecture, including the Great Pyramids and the Sphinx. Polytheism was central to Egyptian culture, with a pantheon of gods representing various aspects of life and nature. Hieroglyphics, their writing system, combined logographic and alphabetic elements, and it was used in religious texts, monumental inscriptions, and administrative documents. Together, these elements formed the foundation of a rich and influential ancient culture.