The ancient civilization known for its pyramids and mummies is ancient Egypt. This civilization, which thrived along the Nile River for thousands of years, is famous for its monumental architecture, including the iconic pyramids of Giza, which served as elaborate tombs for pharaohs. The Egyptians practiced mummification as part of their burial rituals, believing in an afterlife where the preserved body would reunite with the soul. This civilization made substantial contributions to art, writing, and governance, significantly influencing culture and society throughout history.