The ancient city associated with the Hanging Gardens is Babylon, which was one of the most significant cities of the ancient world. Located in present-day Iraq, Babylon was the capital of the Babylonian Empire under King Nebuchadnezzar II, who is traditionally credited with creating the gardens. These gardens were described as an extraordinary series of tiered terraces filled with a variety of trees and plants, creating an oasis-like environment. While some historians question their existence or exact location, the Hanging Gardens remain a symbol of architectural and horticultural achievement, representing the richness of Babylonian culture and the ingenuity of its builders.