The ancient artifact that helped scholars decode hieroglyphics is the Rosetta Stone. Discovered in 1799, the Rosetta Stone features inscriptions in three scripts: Greek, Demotic, and hieroglyphics, which allowed scholars, notably Jean-François Champollion, to understand Egyptian hieroglyphs. The stone became crucial in the field of Egyptology as it provided the key to translating many ancient texts that had been unreadable for centuries. The insights gained from the Rosetta Stone have greatly enhanced our understanding of ancient Egyptian civilization, culture, and language, marking a significant milestone in archaeology and linguistics.