The African nation that was the first to gain independence from colonial rule is Ethiopia. It achieved this status in 1941 after successfully resisting Italian occupation during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Despite facing incursions from European powers, Ethiopia is notable for maintaining sovereignty during the scramble for Africa, with the Battle of Adwa in 1896 symbolizing its military victory over Italy, solidifying national pride and identity. Ethiopia's independence significantly influenced other African nations seeking liberation from colonial rule, making it a symbol of resistance and a source of inspiration for anti-colonial movements across the continent.