Several vitamins play a crucial role in energy metabolism during physical activity. Key vitamins include B vitamins, such as B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), and B6 (pyridoxine), which help convert carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into usable energy. They also facilitate the function of enzymes involved in metabolic processes. Vitamin D is essential for muscle function, while antioxidants like Vitamin C and E help mitigate oxidative stress caused by intense workouts. Adequate intake of these vitamins ensures optimal energy levels and performance.