The process that converts food into energy is called metabolism. It involves several complex biochemical reactions where the body breaks down nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. During this process, the body extracts and converts energy stored in food into a usable form known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Metabolism is split into two categories: catabolism, which breaks down molecules to release energy, and anabolism, which uses energy to build cellular structures. Proper metabolism is vital for maintaining energy levels and supports overall health.