The term for the process by which the body converts food into energy is called metabolism. Metabolism encompasses all biochemical reactions, including the breakdown of nutrients from food and their transformation into energy that the body can use. This process is critical for maintaining essential functions, including digestion, repair, and growth. It involves various metabolic pathways, where carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are metabolized. A faster metabolism can aid in weight management, while a slower one may require fewer calories for maintenance.