Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone and muscle health by facilitating the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for bone mineralization. It also contributes to muscle function by enhancing muscle strength and reducing the risk of falls, particularly in older adults. A deficiency in vitamin D can lead to osteoporosis and muscle weakness, which negatively impacts mobility and overall health. Therefore, maintaining adequate levels through sunlight exposure, diet, or supplementation is vital for sustaining musculoskeletal health.