The primary function of electrolytes during exercise is to maintain fluid balance, transmit nerve signals, and ensure proper muscle function. Key electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium help regulate hydration. As you sweat, you lose electrolytes, which can result in muscle cramps, fatigue, and decreased performance. Consuming beverages or foods containing these crucial nutrients before, during, and after exercise helps replenish levels, supporting overall exercise performance and recovery.