Caffeine can enhance athletic performance by improving endurance, increasing alertness, and reducing perceived exertion during exercise. As a stimulant, caffeine enhances the release of adrenaline, leading to improved energy levels and reaction times. Studies indicate that moderate doses can enhance performance, particularly during endurance events, allowing athletes to sustain activities for longer periods. This effect may vary among individuals due to factors such as tolerance and sensitivity. However, it's crucial for athletes to consider timing and dosage to maximize the benefits while minimizing any potential side effects.