Muscle soreness after exercising is primarily attributed to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which can occur due to micro-tears in muscle fibers during intense workouts. Factors contributing to this soreness include the intensity and duration of the exercise, the individual's fitness level, and the unfamiliarity of specific workouts. Proper warm-ups, cool-downs, and recovery strategies, such as stretching and hydration, can help alleviate soreness. Understanding these factors enables individuals to manage and reduce discomfort associated with exercise recovery.