Aging affects cardiovascular fitness by causing a decline in various physiological functions. As individuals age, heart rate response may diminish, leading to reduced maximum heart rate and overall cardiovascular capacity. Blood vessel elasticity decreases, contributing to higher blood pressure and increased workload on the heart. Additionally, sedentary habits commonly associated with aging exacerbate these declines. Regular physical activity can help mitigate these effects, promoting longevity and enhancing overall heart health, even as one ages.