Stress impacts the body through the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to the release of cortisol and other hormones. This can cause increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and altered immune responses. Prolonged stress may result in chronic inflammation, digestive issues, and increased risk for various illnesses. The body may experience changes in metabolism, which can contribute to issues such as weight gain or loss. Overall, stress creates a significant physiological burden that impacts various body systems.